Search results for "difference [rapidity]"

showing 10 items of 82 documents

A combined optical-microwave method to retrieve soil moisture over vegetated areas

2011

A simple approach for correcting for the effect of vegetation in the estimation of the surface soil moisture (wS) from L-band passive microwave observations is presented in this study. The approach is based on semi-empirical relationships between soil moisture and the polarized reflectivity including the effect of the vegetation optical depth which is parameterized as a function of the normalized vegetation difference index (NDVI). The method was tested against in situ measurements collected over a grass site from 2004 to 2007 (SMOSREX experiment). Two polarizations (horizontal/vertical) and five incidence angles (20◦, 30◦, 40◦, 50◦, and 60◦) were considered in the analysis. The best wS est…

Vegetation optical depthL band010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesNDVItélédétection0211 other engineering and technologiesSoil science02 engineering and technologyMicrowave methodsurface temperature01 natural sciencesNormalized Difference Vegetation Index[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/EcosystemsNDVI;LAI;LEAF AREA INDEX;SURFACE TEMPERATURE;SOIL MOISTURE;L-BAND medicineTraitement du signal et de l'imagenormalized vegetation difference index (NDVI)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringWater contentComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingSignal and Image processingsurface temperature.soil moisture (SM)Enhanced vegetation index15. Life on landLAIL-bandSOIL MOISTUREGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental sciencemicrowave radiometrymedicine.symptomLEAF AREA INDEXVegetation (pathology)[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingMicrowave
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Combination of finite impulse response neural network technique with FDTD method for simulation of electromagnetic problems

1996

The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method requires long computation times for simulating resonant or high-Q structures. The authors incorporate the finite impulse response neural network technique as a predictor in order to save time in FDTD simulations. The applicability of the technique is demonstrated by carrying out an analysis of a waveguide filter.

Waveguide filterArtificial neural networkFinite impulse responseComputer scienceElectronic engineeringFinite-difference time-domain methodPhysics::OpticsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAlgorithmElectronics Letters
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More hours, more jobs? The employment effects of longer working hours

2014

Increases in standard hours of work have been a contentious policy issue in Germany. Whilst this might directly lead to a substitution of workers by hours, there may also be a positive employment effect due to reduced costs. Moreover, the response of firms may differ between firms that offer overtime and those that do not. For a panel of German plants (2001–2006) drawn from the IAB Establishment Panel, we are the first to analyse the effect of increased standard hours on employment. Using difference-in-difference methods we find that, consistent with theory, overtime plants showed a significant positive employment response, whilst for standard-time plants there is no difference between plan…

Working hoursEconomics and EconometricsLabour economicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectWageworking hours wage concession overtime paymentsjel:C23Overtimefood and beveragesjel:J81Working timeDifference in differencesjel:J23Economicsplant-level data employment working time difference-in-differencesmedia_common
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Difference testing: Methods and appropriate use

2010

National audience; Difference tests are some of the most common methods employed in sensory evaluation of food and beverages. The objective of difference tests is basically to determine whether a difference exists between two products. There are many different types of test, such as the duo-trio test, the triangle test, the same-different test and the A-not A test. These tests, with their strengths and weaknesses, will be presented briefly during the talk. Whatever the test employed, some basic principles must be respected, e.g. sample coding with three digit numbers, and sample presentation in a balanced order. In some instances the tests must be restricted to one sensory modality. In such…

[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringdifference test[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringwine[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSsensory analysis
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Le score de propension : un guide méthodologique pour les recherches expérimentales et quasi expérimentales en éducation

2016

La méthode du score de propension devient de plus en plus populaire pour estimer les effets causaux d’un programme d’intervention. Si les applications empiriques de cette méthode sont encore rares dans les recherches en éducation, des exemples de son utilisation se trouvent aisément dans d’autres disciplines. Cependant, sa mise en place soulève plusieurs questions. L’objectif de cet article est de fournir des éléments de réponses guidant le chercheur et l’évaluateur du domaine de l’éducation pour l’estimation et l’utilisation du score de propension. Les différentes étapes de son application sont présentées pas à pas : évaluation du biais de sélection, construction du score de propension et …

aparelhamento da pontuação de propensãoappariement sur score de propensiondoubles différencesSocial Sciences and Humanities[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Educationponderação inversa sobre as probabilidades de ser tratadobiais de sélection01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability0504 sociologyselection bias0101 mathematicsinverse probability of treatment weightingpropensity scorepontuação de propensãodifference in differencesscore de propensionpropensity score matching4. Education05 social sciences050401 social sciences methods[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationGeneral Medicinepondération inverse sur les probabilités d’être traitéviés de seleçãopondération inverse sur les probabilités d'être traitéselection bias.Sciences Humaines et Socialesdiferenças duplas
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Sport and Quality of Life

2022

Negli ultimi trent’anni lo sport ha assunto un significato molto rilevante nella vita delle persone e, seppure con notevoli differenze, sia nei paesi a sviluppo economico avanzato, sia in quelli in via di sviluppo. A livello individuale, esso ha costituito un’area di investimento identitario quando ha assunto la forma di sport spettacolo del quale fruire, alimentando la pratica del tifo e il fandom o costituendo il modello di uno stile di vita vincente; ma anche quando ha assunto la forma di pratica del tempo libero attraverso la quale tenersi in forma, facendo crescere, in questo caso, la diffusione di una cultura della salute e del benessere. Si tratta di due modalità di approcciare al co…

but also when he took the form of free time practice through which to keep fit making grow in this case the diffusion of a culture of health and well-being. These are two ways of approaching the consumption of sports by spectators and actorIn the last thirty years sport has taken on a very significant meaning in people's lives and albeit with considerable differences both in advanced economic development countries and in developing countries. On an individual level it constituted an area of identity investment when it assumed the shape of “sport spectacle” to be enjoyed fueling the practice of cheering and fandom or constituting the model of a winning lifestyleand the two ways of use can be strongly related to the perception and assessment of the quality of life. The “semantic universes” which however connote sport and “free time sports” have often appeared polarized. Commercial sport and sports professionalism are intertwined with the institutions of economics politics and culture which above all stress its “spectacularity” in order to capture first and foremost the audience. But also the sport of leisure time is intertwined with the actions of the institutions of economics politics and culture with the difference that these stress above all its “healthy value” aimed at the “healthy and rational” investment of time in an activity which improves the quality of life in the short medium and long period. This polarization between the consumption of sport entertainment - commercial sport - and the consumption of sport as a leisure activity - sport for all - has become increasingly interconnected precisely because of the increased collective identity demand via sport. In other words we have witnessed the spread of shape of sports entertainment that recall the importance of sports for psychophysical well-being for integration and social participation for the reduction of social inequalities ethnic and cultural differences and in which the importance assumed was weakened in the show from agonism from competition from the physical confrontation between two contenders or two teams. A sport in which we act with competitors as well as against competitors. And on the other hand we have gradually witnessed the spectacularization of sports in our free time to the point that the sharing of the results obtained through the declination of a competitive spirit that presents itself as directed no longer against other contenders but against its own performance limits it has become the way in which each person makes part of his or her own life spectacular the one he often considers most authentic. The aim of this work is to describe how the intertwining between the commercial/professional dimension of the sports show and the playful/recreational dimension of sports practice are fueled by a demand and an offer of social identity that characterizes these two “semantic universes”.Settore SPS/07 - Sociologia Generale
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Discrete exterior calculus for photonic crystal waveguides

2022

The discrete exterior calculus (DEC) is very promising, though not yet widely used, discretization method for photonic crystal (PC) waveguides. It can be seen as a generalization of the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The DEC enables efficient time evolution by construction and fits well for nonhomogeneous computational domains and obstacles of curved surfaces. These properties are typically present in applications of PC waveguides that are constructed as periodic structures of inhomogeneities in a computational domain. We present a two-dimensional DEC discretization for PC waveguides and demonstrate it with a selection of numerical experiments typical in the application area. …

discrete differential formsNumerical Analysisnumeeriset menetelmätfotoniikkaApplied MathematicsGeneral Engineeringnumeerinen analyysimatemaattiset mallitphotonic crystal waveguidephotonic band gapaaltojohteetfinite difference time domain methoddiscrete exterior calculusInternational Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering
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Multipactor radiation analysis within a waveguide region based on a frequency-domain representation of the dynamics of charged particles

2009

[EN] A technique for the accurate computation of the electromagnetic fields radiated by a charged particle moving within a parallel-plate waveguide is presented. Based on a transformation of the time-varying current density of the particle into a time-harmonic current density, this technique allows the evaluation of the radiated electromagnetic fields both in the frequency and time domains, as well as in the near- and far-field regions. For this purpose, several accelerated versions of the parallel-plate Green's function in the frequency domain have been considered. The theory has been successfully applied to the multipactor discharge occurring within a two metal-plates region. The proposed…

electromagnetic fieldsMultipactor effectElectromagnetic fieldcurrent densityImage theoryGreens-FunctionElectrodynamicsAcceleratorelectrodynamicsFinite difference time-domain analysisElectromagnetic radiationmicrowave switchesGreen's function methodslaw.inventionPeriodic StructuresOpticsBreakdownCurrent densitylawTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONESGreen's functionsFrequency-domain analysisfinite difference time-domain analysisEwald MethodPhysicsTeoría de la Señal y las Comunicaciones2-Dbusiness.industryElectromagnetic fieldsMicrowave switcheswaveguidesParallel plate waveguideCharged particleComputational physicsfrequency-domain analysisTransformation (function)Frequency domainModesDischarge3325 Tecnología de las TelecomunicacionesMultipactor effectbusinessWake-FieldWaveguidesWaveguideCurrent densitySimulationPhysical Review E
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Sequestrati dalla vendetta: “rimanere chiusi fuori dall’oggetto”

2013

RiassuntoA partire dal loro lavoro di psicoterapeute e attraverso alcuni frammenti clinici che si riferiscono ad un gruppo di adolescenti svoltosi in un quartiere a rischio di Palermo, le Autrici analizzano la dimensione mafiosa non restringendola al solo comportamento criminale; piuttosto declinandola lungo alcuni significanti: non identità e gruppo mafioso che colonizza e sottomette lo psichismo del singolo; fantasmi familiari potenti e spietati che impediscono il costituirsi di sé originali e autonomi; personalità impastate di indifferenza emotiva e vendicatività. Significanti che rendono conto delle vaste aree di desertificazione e pietrificazione – resistenza al cambiamento – avvertita…

lcsh:Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropologylcsh:GN301-674lcsh:P101-410identitàresistenzacambiamentogruppomafiaStarting from their work as psychotherapists and by means of some clinical fragments which refer to a group of teenagers of a neighbourhood at risk in Palermo the Authoresses analyze the Mafia dimension not limiting it to a criminal behaviour only. They rather decline it along some signifiers: non identity and mafia group which colonizes and subjugates the individual’s psychism. Powerful and merciless family ghosts who prevent from building original and autonomous selves. Personalities kneaded with emotional indifference and vindictiveness. Signifiers which account for the large desertification and petrification areas – resistance to change – that psychotherapists who deal with young people belonging to Mafia families are able to feel.vendettalcsh:Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammarpsicoterapia
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Impact of a physician-targeted letter on opioid prescribing.

2020

We study the effect of a physician-targeted nudge letter on opioid prescribing. In May 2017, the Social Insurance Institution of Finland sent a personal information letter to all physicians who had issued a prescription containing at least 100 tablets of paracetamol-codeine combination to a new patient. The aim of the letter was to draw the physicians’ attention to their prescribing practices and to decrease the size of the first codeine prescription. Using individual level register data and a difference-in-differences strategy, we estimate that the letter decreased the average number of tablets purchased by new patients by 12.5 percent and the probability of a first purchase being at least…

medicine.medical_specialtyprescription drugslääkemääräyksetOpioid prescribingSocial insuranceinformation letter03 medical and health sciencesopioiditdifference-in-differencesPhysicians0502 economics and businessmedicinelääketurvallisuusHumans050207 economicsMedical prescriptionlääkäritPractice Patterns Physicians'Finlandohjeetbusiness.industry030503 health policy & servicesHealth Policy05 social sciencesCodeineKansaneläkelaitospalautePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthIndividual levelKELADifference in differencesreseptilääkkeetAnalgesics OpioidlääkkeetRegister dataFamily medicineopioid prescribing0305 other medical sciencebusinessPersonally identifiable informationmedicine.drugJournal of health economics
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